Saint Cecilia is said to have heard heavenly music
inside her heart when she was forced to marry the pagan, Valerian. A wealth of
music, art and festivals in honor of St. Cecilia has grown from this little bit
of information from her biography. She is the acclaimed patron saint of music,
especially church music, as well as that of musicians, composers, instrument
makers and poets. The name Cecilia means blind and so, although we don’t know
if she herself couldn’t see, she is also the Catholic patron saint of the
blind.
It is believed that St. Cecilia was born in the 2nd or
3d century A.D., although the dates of her birth and martyrdom are unknown. A
religious romance telling the love story of Saint Cecilia and Valerian appeared
in Greece during the 4th century A.D., and there is a biography of St Cecilia
dating from the 5th century A.D.
She is purported to have been the daughter of a wealthy
Roman family, a Christian from birth, who was promised in marriage to a pagan
named Valerian. Cecilia, however, had vowed her virginity to God, and wore
sackcloth, fasted and prayed in hopes of keeping this promise. Saint Cecilia
disclosed her wishes to her husband on their wedding night. She told Valerian
that an angel watched over her to guard her purity. He wanted to see the angel,
so St. Cecilia sent him to Pope Urban(223-230). Accounts of how and when
Valerian saw the angel vary, but one states that he was baptized by the Pope,
and, upon his return to Saint Cecilia, they were both given heavenly crowns by
an angel. Another version recounts that Tibertius, Valerian’s brother, sees the
crowns and he too is converted.
The two brothers then make it their mission to bury
Christian martyrs put to death by the prefect of the city. In turn, they were
brought in front of the prefect and sentenced to death by the sword. Cecilia,
in the meantime, continued to make many conversions, and prepared to have her
home preserved as a church at her death.
Finally, she too was arrested and brought before the
prefect. He ruled that she should die by suffocation in the baths. Saint
Cecilia was locked into the bathhouse and the fires vigorously stoked. She
remained there for a day and a night but was still alive when the soldiers
opened the doors. She was then ordered beheaded, but the executioner, after
striking three times without severing St Cecilia’s head, ran away, leaving her
badly wounded.
St. Cecilia hung onto life for three days after the
mortal blows, preaching all the while. She made many more conversions and
people came to soak up her flowing blood with sponges and cloths. There exists
in Rome a church in St. Cecilia’s honor that dates from about the fifth
century. Her relics were believed to have been found by Pope Paschal I in 821
A.D., in the cemetery of St. Celestas. These remains were exhumed in 1599, when
Cardinal Paul Emilius Sfondrati rebuilt the church of St. Cecilia, and said to
be incorrupt.
St. Cecilia’s following flourished during the Middle
Ages in Europe. Songs were sung in her name, poetry was written, paintings with
St. Cecilia as the subject were created, and her feast day, on November 22 was
happily celebrated. She continued to be a popular topic for the arts well into
the 18th century. Hans Memling, in 1470, painted St. Cecilia playing the organ
at the mystical marriage of Catherine of Alexandria. In 1584 she was named
patroness of the academy of music founded in Rome. Raphael painted her at
Bologna, Rubens at Berlin and Domenichino in Paris. Chaucer commemorates her in
his Second Nun’s Tale and Handel set John Dryden’s “Ode to Saint Ceclia” to
music in 1736. Never was so much made of such a tiny bit of pseudo-biographical
information. St. Cecilia, said to have heard heavenly music at one moment of
her life, became the patroness of all western music. Even the Andrews sisters,
in 1941, recorded a song, “The Shrine of St. Cecilia.”
In art, Saint Cecilia is typically depicted at the
organ, the traditional instrument of the Catholic Church, sometimes with
angelic hosts gathered around her. St. Cecilia societies still flourish around
the world, often sponsoring musical events and contests. In fact, anyone
involved with Church music will know of the feast day of Saint Cecilia and what
it represents. Prayers to her ask God’s blessings on musicians and the hymns
they proclaim to Him. Musician or not in her real life, St. Cecilia, by her devout,
musical followings has certainly earned the right to be called the patroness of
music.
Original Source:
UCatholic at http://ucatholic.com/saints/cecilia/
